An extremely rare cyclops shark, recently confirmed in Mexico.
The 22-inch-long (56-centimeter-long) fetus has a single, functioning eye at the front of its head, scientists announced in October.
Scientists have documented cyclops shark embryos a few times before, said Jim Gelsleichter, a shark biologist at the University of North Florida in Jacksonville.The fact that none have been caught outside the womb suggests cyclops sharks don't survive long in the wild.
當中最奇特的莫過於墨西哥罕見的鯊魚胎兒，身長約56公分，只有一隻眼睛，但這樣的樣貌可能不是天生的，而是罹患了一種名為「獨眼畸形」的先天性疾病，經多次證實，科學家確認獨眼鯊是真的。事實是這種鯊魚在野外也活不久。
Along came an "albino" spider—and it's shocked scientists in Australia, National Geographic News reported in November. The newfound trapdoor spider isn't a true albino, since it still has some pigment—its body is brown, like those of other trapdoor spiders. But the 1.2-inch-wide (3-centimeter-wide) arachnid has been dubbed the albino trapdoor spider until it's formally described as a new species.
澳洲新種「白化活板門蛛」。新發現的白化活板門蛛不是真的有白化症，因為它仍然和其他 活板門蛛一樣，它的身體是棕色的，不過這已經足夠另外分成一種品種了。
Meet a new prince of the underworld—the Beelzebub bat. Named for its diabolic coloration, the recently discovered bat has a black head and dark back fur, both of which contrast sharply with the flyer's whitish belly, scientists reported in a September study. Despite the fiendish name, Beelzebub bats are typically shy creatures, doing their best to avoid humans in their remote rain forest habitat in Vietnam, scientists say. If captured, however, the bats can turn fierce, said study co-author Neil Furey, a biologist with the conservation group Fauna & Flora International.
因為他惡魔般的顏色而命名的「惡魔蝙蝠」，住在越南偏遠雨林棲息地。科學家說，儘管名為惡魔，但他們是害羞的物種，盡力去避免遇到我們。頭上和背上長滿黑毛，但是腹部卻是鮮明對比的白色。
Resembling a colorful pancake, this new nudibranch looks ready for a bizarre brunch.
看起來像一個奇怪的早午餐，彩色鮮豔的煎餅，這是菲律賓的新品種「鬆餅海蛤蝓」。
The mountain jungles of Vietnam are home to a new breed of "vampire"—a "flying" tree frog dubbed Rhacophorus vampyrus. First found in 2008, the two-inch-long (five-centimeter-long) amphibian is known to live only in southern Vietnamese cloud forests, where it uses webbed fingers and toes to glide from tree to tree, scientists said in January. Tadpoles normally have mouthparts similar to beaks. Instead, vampire tree frog tadpoles each have a pair of hard black hooks sticking out from the undersides of their mouths—the first time such fangs have been seen in frog tadpoles.
越南山地叢林地區，能夠利用帶蹼的四肢從一棵樹滑翔到另一棵樹的「吸血飛行蛙」，其幼年跟別人不同，一般普通的蝌蚪都擁有類似喙的口器，不過吸血飛行蛙的蝌蚪卻有一對堅硬的黑鉤，而這是首次被發現的毒牙。
Sporting a bright fuchsia hue, this new species of deep-sea acorn worm was recently found some 8,850 feet (2,700 meters) deep near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The colorful creature has extremely long "lips" that help it snag prey in a place where food is scarce, according to a November study.
中大西洋海脊發現的新品種，有著長長嘴唇的「大嘴唇海蟲」。 色彩豔麗的他具有極長的“嘴唇”，幫助它在食物匱乏的地方鉤住獵物。
Off the Florida Keys (map), hundreds of stinging tentacles dangle from a "pink meanie"—a new species of jellyfish with a taste for other jellies that was discovered in January. Like other species in the genus Drymonema, the new jelly has an appetite for moon jellyfish, which the predators feed on almost exclusively as adults. Adult Drymonema do the majority of their digestion using specialized "oral arms" that dangle alongside their tentacles. The oral arms exude digestive juices, which break down the prey, scientists said in January.
佛羅里達群島海域種新種水母「粉紅小氣鬼」，數百名刺觸角晃來晃去，是水母新品種。這種水母以其他水母為食，在海中上演同類相殘的慘劇。
A stalk of the new fungus species Ophiocordyceps camponoti-balzani grows out of a "zombie" ant's head in a Brazilian rain forest.
Originally thought to be a single species, called Ophiocordyceps unilateralis, the fungus is actually four distinct species—all of which can "mind control" ants, scientists announced in March.
The fungus species can infect an ant, take over its brain, and then kill the insect once the fungus moves to an ideal location for growing and spreading its spores.
巴西雨林裡發現一種種新的真菌。螞蟻會被感染，控制螞蟻的頭部，慢慢的控制螞蟻導致其肌肉纖維分離，最後肌肉會萎縮，無法控制自己的身體，成為「殭屍蟻」，而這種螞蟻的頭部會有根向外長出類似莖幹的物體，就是真菌的孢子。這些真菌名字上是同一個，但實際上是四種不同的品種
巴西雨林裡發現一種種新的真菌。螞蟻會被感染，控制螞蟻的頭部，慢慢的控制螞蟻導致其肌肉纖維分離，最後肌肉會萎縮，無法控制自己的身體，成為「殭屍蟻」，而這種螞蟻的頭部會有根向外長出類似莖幹的物體，就是真菌的孢子。這些真菌名字上是同一個，但實際上是四種不同的品種
Speckled with what looks like glam rock makeup, the chameleon Furcifer timoni was recently discovered on the species-rich African island nation of Madagascar , according to a WWF report released in June.
Finding the colorful new chameleon was "very surprising," since the northern rain forests where it was discovered have been repeatedly and intensively surveyed for reptiles, according to the conservation group.
而其他十大怪物一個比一個奇怪，還有住在非洲島國馬達加斯加，斑點看起來像岩石般，外表鮮艷又富變化的「華麗搖滾變色龍」。
而其他十大怪物一個比一個奇怪，還有住在非洲島國馬達加斯加，斑點看起來像岩石般，外表鮮艷又富變化的「華麗搖滾變色龍」。
Along came an "albino" spider—and it's shocked scientists in Australia, National Geographic News reported in November. The newfound trapdoor spider isn't a true albino, since it still has some pigment—its body is brown, like those of other trapdoor spiders. But the 1.2-inch-wide (3-centimeter-wide) arachnid has been dubbed the albino trapdoor spider until it's formally described as a new species.
澳洲新種「白化活板門蛛」。新發現的白化活板門蛛不是真的有白化症，因為它仍然和其他 活板門蛛一樣，它的身體是棕色的，不過這已經足夠另外分成一種品種了。
Meet a new prince of the underworld—the Beelzebub bat. Named for its diabolic coloration, the recently discovered bat has a black head and dark back fur, both of which contrast sharply with the flyer's whitish belly, scientists reported in a September study. Despite the fiendish name, Beelzebub bats are typically shy creatures, doing their best to avoid humans in their remote rain forest habitat in Vietnam, scientists say. If captured, however, the bats can turn fierce, said study co-author Neil Furey, a biologist with the conservation group Fauna & Flora International.
因為他惡魔般的顏色而命名的「惡魔蝙蝠」，住在越南偏遠雨林棲息地。科學家說，儘管名為惡魔，但他們是害羞的物種，盡力去避免遇到我們。頭上和背上長滿黑毛，但是腹部卻是鮮明對比的白色。
Resembling a colorful pancake, this new nudibranch looks ready for a bizarre brunch.
看起來像一個奇怪的早午餐，彩色鮮豔的煎餅，這是菲律賓的新品種「鬆餅海蛤蝓」。
The mountain jungles of Vietnam are home to a new breed of "vampire"—a "flying" tree frog dubbed Rhacophorus vampyrus. First found in 2008, the two-inch-long (five-centimeter-long) amphibian is known to live only in southern Vietnamese cloud forests, where it uses webbed fingers and toes to glide from tree to tree, scientists said in January. Tadpoles normally have mouthparts similar to beaks. Instead, vampire tree frog tadpoles each have a pair of hard black hooks sticking out from the undersides of their mouths—the first time such fangs have been seen in frog tadpoles.
越南山地叢林地區，能夠利用帶蹼的四肢從一棵樹滑翔到另一棵樹的「吸血飛行蛙」，其幼年跟別人不同，一般普通的蝌蚪都擁有類似喙的口器，不過吸血飛行蛙的蝌蚪卻有一對堅硬的黑鉤，而這是首次被發現的毒牙。
A "devil worm" has been found miles under the Earth—the deepest-living animal yet found, according to a study published in June.
The discovery of the new nematode species—called Halicephalobus mephisto partly for Mephistopheles, the demon of Faustian legend—suggests there's a rich, largely unknown biosphere beneath our feet, scientists say.
生活在地底最深處的「惡魔蠕蟲」，很多部分還是未知的。
生活在地底最深處的「惡魔蠕蟲」，很多部分還是未知的。
Sporting a bright fuchsia hue, this new species of deep-sea acorn worm was recently found some 8,850 feet (2,700 meters) deep near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The colorful creature has extremely long "lips" that help it snag prey in a place where food is scarce, according to a November study.
中大西洋海脊發現的新品種，有著長長嘴唇的「大嘴唇海蟲」。 色彩豔麗的他具有極長的“嘴唇”，幫助它在食物匱乏的地方鉤住獵物。
Off the Florida Keys (map), hundreds of stinging tentacles dangle from a "pink meanie"—a new species of jellyfish with a taste for other jellies that was discovered in January. Like other species in the genus Drymonema, the new jelly has an appetite for moon jellyfish, which the predators feed on almost exclusively as adults. Adult Drymonema do the majority of their digestion using specialized "oral arms" that dangle alongside their tentacles. The oral arms exude digestive juices, which break down the prey, scientists said in January.
佛羅里達群島海域種新種水母「粉紅小氣鬼」，數百名刺觸角晃來晃去，是水母新品種。這種水母以其他水母為食，在海中上演同類相殘的慘劇。
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